Calibo Skittles Edibles, 1333 Production Ave Bowling Green, Ky, Lincoln County Nebraska County Attorney, Whale Ear Bones, How To Know Your Destiny By Date Of Birth, Articles N

In matrilocal residence societies, men leave their matrilineal families at marriage and move in with their wives mothers families. Mothers and daughters were more often easy partners in a household. These very large households supported a military culture where men between sixteen and sixty years old had to be ready for military service. Endogamy: a term describing expectations that individuals must marry within a particular group. Patrilocal residence,: married individuals live with or near the husbands fathers family. Family life and the passing of knowledge was changing rapidly in the Trobriand Islands at the end of Weiners work; more people were converting to Christianity, and while belief in magic was not yet disappearing, Christians could not inherit their uncles magic. By. In Dobu society, which was traditionally matrilineal and practiced village exogamy, a married couple would alternate years living in the husbands village and in the wifes village. In such cases, it is sometimes believed that sisters will get along better as co-wives. Kinship encompasses relationships formed through blood connections (consanguineal), such as those created between parents and children, as well as relationships created through marriage ties (affinal), such as in-laws (see Figure 1). Two married parents and their children living together provide a favorable image for many reasons. This is usually done when a biological parent is unable or unwilling to raise a child. Threats to the availability of such connection can produce fear . The economic value placed on women does not mean that women in such societies necessarily have much freedom, but it does sometimes give them some leverage in their new domestic situations. This removes any power you have in the situation. . . Therefore, all societies also have notions of exogamy, or the idea that a marriage should be outside of the group (259). The roles of the family members in relationship to one another are also likely to be different because descent is based on lineage: descent from a common ancestor. In the case of patrilocal residence, it was sometimes difficult for a woman to return to her original family if her marriage ended due to death or divorce. In Perspectives: An Open Invitation to Cultural Anthropology, 2nd Edition, Society for Anthropology in Community Colleges, 2020, under CC BY-NC 4.0. In the United States and in Western Europe, it is usually expected that a new couple create a new domestic unit or household. Kinship diagrams use a specific person, who by convention is called Ego, as a starting point. This diagram has been designed to help you see the difference between the kinship groups created by a bilateral descent system and a unilineal system. Role is the set of behaviors expected of an individual who occupies a particular status. Entries linking to neolocal. In certain regions of Croatia large agricultural households were incredibly numerous. Her young daughter was sitting with us at the time, and said to her mother in surprise, Mama, why not me? Her mother stroked her head and smiled at her, but was firm when she said Because you are female. It is typical worldwide, particularly in agricultural societies, for men to inherit family property. Residence rules have a major effect on the form of family that lives together. Neolocal. Adult children of one gender, often the males, remain in the household with their spouses and children and they have collective rights to family property. The family in which an individual is born and reared and socialized is known as the family of orientation. La residencia neolocal forma la base de la mayora de las naciones desarrolladas, especialmente en Occidente, y tambin se encuentra entre algunas comunidades nmadas. Blog The dowry was her share of her familys property and reflected the tradition that land was usually inherited by a womans brothers. That said, it is likely that those cultures in which women marry out are less likely to value women while those in which men leave their families at marriage are more inclusive of women. These are endogamous marriages: marriages within a group. She has taught at San Diego Mesa College, University of California, San Diego and the University of Zagreb. 2.2 Matrilocal family . Living Anthropologically means documenting history, interconnection, and power during a time of global transformation. First is the nuclear family: parents who are in a culturally-recognized relationship, such as marriage, along with their minor or dependent children. Today, some suggest we are more apt to practice serial monogamy, marriage to one partner at a time with a succession of partners (256). A marriage is a cultural, social, and legal process that brings two or more individuals together to create a new family unit. What do you think are some of the practical effects of both small and large families on everyday life? Explaining the differences between patrilocal and matrilocal residences risks stereotyping. Women who lived with their own families after marriage were more likely to be able to continue their education, take promotions at work, make more of the opportunities that were provided under socialism. People in many societies rely on some form of arranging marriages, although these generally take into consideration the wishes of the young people involved (266). Promote multigenerational living as an environmentally friendly housing option. live in an multigenerational household. In the United States, usually it is infants or minor children who are adopted by a non-parental family member like a grandparent, an aunt or uncle, or an older sibling, or by a non-family member. This may have something to do with economics and ideologies, but must be examined in each cultural context. [16]If aperson who was born with a male biological sex felt his identity and chosen lifestyle best matched the social role recognized as female, he could move into a third gender two-spirit category. This kind of residence after marriage is called neolocal residence (new location). As of 2008, a record 49 million Americans, or 16.1% of the total U.S. population, lived in a family household that . [15] In cases of bilocal or ambilocal residence while a couple has the choice to live with either the husbands or wifes family, a choice is made based on which location is best able to accommodate new members or which location needs the additional labor that comes from new members. For more information, including demographic data, multigenerational family stories, and a complete set of recommendations, read the full report. Program Model. A mans mother gains authority over a new daughter-in-law, who usually leaves her own family to live with her husbands family and work side by side with her mother-in-law in a house. Bride burnings, killing a bride, could happen if her family did not continue to make the agreed upon payments (though there may be other reasons for this awful crime in individual cases). For example, a household could include a set of grandparents, all of their adult sons with their wives and children, and unmarried adult daughters. [1] Please note that although both surveys were conducted by The Harris Poll, sample providers have changed from the 2011 Family Matters: Multigenerational Living in a Volatile Economy survey to the 2021 Family Matters: Multigenerational Living Is on the Rise and Here to Stay, survey. A good dowry enables a womans family to marry into a better family. People believed that they raised daughters for someone else. Property, knowledge, and positions are inherited through the fathers family or the husbands fathers family. How to use neolocal in a sentence. These practices also reflect different notions about the value of the new family member. People assumed that kinship was based on a universal biology, and simply translated biology into social life. If they are counted, they likely are called something different from what you would call your fathers brother. Monogamous marriages promise until death do us part, although such patterns are uncertain. Those relationships were often socially disapproved, but today it is much more socially acceptable and common for people to live together prior to marriage or even instead of marriage. Of course, in 2020 it will be interesting to see if marriage patterns get altered because everyone was sent away from college during the coronavirus epidemic. Today the fordist family model of Parsons is replaced by the model of the multi-local and multi-generational family. It is found in Taiwan and described by anthropologist Margery Wolf. Differences in kinship terminology do provide insight into differences in the way people think about families and the roles people play within them. Kinship terminology: the terms used in a language to describe relatives. Dowry: payments made to the grooms family by the brides family before marriage. Her dowry also could include linens and other useful items to be used during her years as a wife. This is where the couple finds their own house, independent from all family members. While there are certainly many examples of nuclear families all over the world, we tend to see and portray the nuclear family as universal. A striking example comes from the island of Dobu, a place that is not far from the Trobriand Islands in Papua New Guinea. A shortage of housing was the single most important factor for limiting family size to one child in cities. In other societies, matrilineal descent defines membership in the kinship group through the maternal line of relationships between mothers and their children. Many recognize two-spirit individuals, and accept marriage of a two-spirit person to a person of the same biological sex. In all cultures there are variations that are acceptable as well as situations in which people cannot quite meet the ideal. For more than 10 years, couples have been coming together to share their experiences and to strengthen their relationship. This latter practice is described in the Old Testament.[9]. In another example, the Peoples Republic of China, where I lived and worked, had an official one-child policy. There was no concern about the division of property. Intriguingly, however, the Chinese word for he/she/it is a single term, ta with no reference to gender or age. FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS 2. This is an example of a culture in transition. These roles include ceremonial obligations and the responsibility to teach the skills that are associated with men and mens activities. After marriage when newly married couple establish a new family independent of their parents and settled at a new place this type of family is known as neo-local family. Living in a home with extended family can have a lot of advantages. Because of the patrilineage, individuals are more likely to live with their fathers extended family and more likely to inherit from their fathers family, but mothers and children are very close. Her young daughter was sitting with us at the time, and said to her mother in surprise, Mama, why not me? Her mother stroked her head and smiled at her, but was firm when she said Because you are female. It is typical worldwide, particularly in agricultural societies, for men to inherit family property. [2]For anthropologists, a status is any culturally-designated position a person occupies in a particular setting. Also called neolocality. . In reality, however, marriage and parenthood were still highly valued. Marriages are arranged by families for many reasons: because the families have something in common, for financial reasons, to match people with others from the correct social, economic or religious group, and for many other reasons. A man must have a sister to participate in exchanges of womens wealth on his behalf to enhance his position, and also to ensure that his soul is eventually reborn, after death, into the matrilineage. . A very interesting residence pattern found within matrilineal societies is avunculocal residence (uncles location). Women who did not marry were sometimes seen as a burden on their own families because they were not perceived as making an economic contribution and they represented another mouth to feed. Anthropologists use kinship diagrams to help visualize descent groups and kinship. This is a further reminder that family organization and expectations are linked to economic systems and to the resources available to the . Among the matrilineal Hopi, for example, a mothers brother is more likely to be a figure of authority than a father. Evidence suggests that in addition to social stratification by zip code, the educational system helps guide choices to be endogamous within social class. This means my kids may think I am impractical, old-fashioned, out-of-touch, and strict - and I am okay with that. In the case of a husbands death, some societies prefer that a woman marry one of her husbands brothers, and in some cases this might be preferred even if he already has a wife. The neolocal nuclear family was not a strategic decision made by nothing but homines oeconomici, but pure necessity to prevent explosive population growth, for which the natural resources would have been lacking at the front and at the back. In that society, however, men and women also spent significant time apart. Pros of Multi-Generational Living. Many studies of families cross-culturally have focused on household groups because it is households that are the location for many of the day-to-day activities of a society. Trobriand kinship and family life is rich and complicated. Today, with increasing urbanization and with the very different kinds of jobs associated with industrial capitalism, patrilocal residence has become less common. Households may also include non-family or kin members, or could even consist exclusively of non-related people who think of themselves as family. . For updates, subscribe to the YouTube channel or follow on Twitter. There are many news reports about this practice. In societies that practice dowry, families often spend many years accumulating the gift. In most societies, people do fall in love, but in many societies romantic love has been seen as too fragile to be a basis for marriage. A very interesting residence pattern found within matrilineal societies is avunculocal residence (uncles location). In an urban environment, however, housing was in short supply. This of course is illegal, but does sometimes occur.[13]. The local government in this case forced the family to divide, separating their property and residing in smaller numbers.[12]. Similar differences are found in Croatian names for other relatives. A wonderful fictional example was The Brady Bunch of 1970s television. Some cultures prohibit marriage with a cousin who is in your lineage but, prefer that you marry a cousin who is not in your lineage. Descent groups: relationships that provide members with a sense of identity and social support based on ties of shared ancestry. The male siblings in the household had the social role of father and were important father figures in the lives of their sisters children. At the same time, however, Trobriand Islanders valued their traditions, culture, and language, and were loathe to lose them altogether.[14]. The kinship system refers to the pattern of culturally recognized relationships between family members. In families where there was position of authority or significant wealth it was common for a young man to go live with or near his mothers brother at the time of his marriage. The dowry might include coins, often woven together in a kind of apron and worn on her wedding day. A single line, or a hyphen, can be used to indicate a recognized union without marriage such as a couple living together or engaged and living together, sometimes with children. There are many news reports about this practice. N., Sam M.S. Fathers are perceived as authority figures and are owed deference and respect. Review. GOOD COMMUNICATION IS AN IMPORTANT TOOL TO MAINTAIN GOOD RELATIONSHIPS AMONG MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY 3. Matrilocal residence is usually associated with matrilineal descent. Adoptive parents, for instance, are culturally recognized as parents to the children they raise even though they are not related by blood. Mary Kay has also collaborated in projects in Asia, including Peoples Republic of China (primarily Xinjiang, Western China), Mongolia and Vietnam. While this is often an oldest male, it is sometimes a different child. When anthropologists talk of family structures, we distinguish among several standard family types any of which can be the typical or preferred family unit in a culture. Since marriages is a partnership between families, it is often about organizing economic resources, inheritance, and political alliances (255). Enhanced bonds or relationships among family members (79%), Making it easier to provide for the care needs of one or more family members (79%), Improved finances for at least one family member (76%), Positive impacts on personal mental and/or physical health (76%), Making it possible for at least one family member to continue school or enroll in job training (71%). Families grow through the birth or adoption of children and through new adult relationships often recognized as marriage. The meaning of NEOLOCAL is having a new location; specifically : located apart from the families of either spouse. Neolocalism, simply meaning "new localism," is a broad term that can be used to describe everything from a local farmer's . This is someone who spoils his sisters children in ways he may not spoil his own. The institutions of the family and marriage are found in all societies and are part of cultural understandings of the way the world should work. Living arrangements in America today are a far cry from the "Ozzie and Harriett" nuclear families of the 1950s and 60s. Family of orientation: the family in which an individual is raised. Newly married individuals establish a household separate from other family members. Neolocal residence is a type of post-marital residence in which a newly married couple resides separately from both the husband's natal household and the wife's natal household. Family lineage may be traced in one of three ways: Patrilineal descent - the focus is on male ancestors ; Matrilineal descent - the focus is on female ancestors ; A new household formed for the purpose of conceiving and raising children. Nuclear Family - A family consisting only of the father, mother, and children. see Vera St. Ehrlich, Family in Transition: A Study of 300 Yugoslav Villages. In situations where one child in a family is designated to inherit, it is more likely that only the inheriting child will remain with the parents when he or she becomes an adult and marries. Women living with mothers-in-law did not have a great deal of freedom of choice and had to prove themselves at home, leaving less time to think about progressing in education or work.[20]. Sometimes these are areas where we begin to see culture change. Children saw their maternal uncles less frequently, usually only on special occasions. These families may live in nuclear or extended family households and they may or may not be close to each other spatially (see discussion of households below). In Croatia, which was historically a patrilineal society, all uncles are recognized by their nephews and nieces regardless of whether they are brothers of the mother or the father. Despite the matrilineal focus of the household, Nayar communities were not matriarchies. Her primary research took place in the former Yugoslavia (19824, 19901), Croatia (1993, 1995, 19967) and with displaced Bosnians, Croats and Serbs in the United States (20013). As mentioned above, however, other patterns are found, including property that passes from maternal uncle to maternal nephew in the Trobriand Islands, and inheritance of the family house and corresponding responsibility to care for the older generation by the youngest daughter in Burmese families. Practical considerations might include the availability of housing, work patterns, childcare, the economic contribution children make to a family, or the cost of raising children. Mary K. Gilliland, Ph.D. (also published as Mary K. Gilliland Olsen) earned a B.A. Here, children are brought up in mother's house. An excellent example of avunculocal residence is found in the Trobriand Islands in Papua New Guinea. In his Family Discussions: Sociological Perspectives of Changing Families site, Professor Edward J. Steffes has provided excellent reviews of the following influential works that challenge the "supposed" history of families: Neolocal family: After marriage when newly married couple . Families were already under stress coming into 2020, and we might ask ourselves: How is the independence training for neolocal nuclear families going in the days of COVID-19? Another common pattern around the world is patrilocal residence (fathers location). In another example, the Peoples Republic of China, where I lived and worked, had an official one-child policy. For Intro-to-Anthropology 2020 we read the first part of Muckle and Gonzlez chapter 11, Marriage, Family, and Gender in Through the Lens of Anthropology (note: link is to the 3rd edition, but page numbers and quotes for this class are to the 2nd edition). Family Expectations is a free program to help prepare you for your new baby, strengthen your relationship with your co-parent and connect you with job opportunities to better provide for your family. About Us. Kinship (todays class): How does kinship intersect with economics & politics? It is the primary group responsible for rearing children and is where the enculturation . When spouses live in a new residence after marriage, they are living ( adjective) neolocal or . Psychiatrist John Bowlby defined attachment as a strong emotional tie to a specific person (or persons) that promotes a young child's sense of security. Families worried that they would not be able to find suitable husbands for their grown daughters, who would remain a burden on their natal families in their later years, not producers of children or contributors in any other way. To ensure a multigenerational household is emotionally maintained, make time for each individual to pursue their own hobbies and interests outside the home. The best-known pattern is inheritance by the oldest male. That said, it is likely that those cultures in which women marry out are less likely to value women while those in which men leave their families at marriage are more inclusive of women. Stem family: a version of an extended family that includes an older couple and one of their adult children with a spouse (or spouses) and children. It consists of father, mother, brother and sister. In many societies, marriages are affirmed with an exchange of property. This was a good time to watch the classic anthropological film Ongkas Big Moka as a way of linking together parts of this section of the course: Before we begin with the findings of anthropology on marriage and family, we should talk about why anthropology began studying these topics. Kinship groups may also control economic resources and dictate decisions about where people can live, who they can marry, and what happens to their property after death. valkyrie queen god of war reward. If a woman wanted to divorce her husband, she could simply put his belongings outside. In these situations, which were not considered ideal but still were in the range of acceptable alternatives, young married women found themselves living with their own mothers rather than a mother-in-law. People who go to high school and then stay in their hometowns tend to marry each other, whereas people who go away to college are likely to find spouses within a college social network that has also been sorted by wealth. Patrilateral cousin marriage: the practice of marrying a male or female cousin on the fathers side of the family. Matrilineages and patrilineages are not just mirror images of each other. A controlled method for determining cause and effect. But these households were much more than a nuclear or even a joint extended family. An overwhelming majority of the people I interviewed believed that the ideal family would include three children. Neolocal definition: living or located away from both the husband's and the wife's relatives | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples Adoption is another way that people form family ties. Men moved into their wives family houses at marriage. The concepts of status and role are useful for thinking about the behaviors that are expected of individuals who occupy various positions in the family. They learn to become better providers for their families, and get advice from experts who know about what works to make families successful and babies thrive. they are said to establish neolocal residence. While small nuclear families are common in the United States, larger families are common in many other societies. Family Expectations is a comprehensive, couple-based intervention, designed to enhance family well-being by helping couples strengthen their relationships and/or marriages during and immediately following the birth of a child. Anthropology After being a norm for many generations, then declining as American families scattered, multigenerational households have grown over the past several decades. In a basic biological sense, women give birth and the minimal family unit in most, though not all societies, is mother and child. You can expect me to follow God's word. A marriage that permits a neolocal residence is called a neolocal marriage. Most of these families commented that in their own living memories people preferred as many children as possible so that there would be assistance for farm work. Ideally they should live together in a place separate from either of their families of orientation: the families in which they were raised. In doing so, property is kept within the matriline. Individuals have responsibilities to both sides of the family, but especially to the matrilineal clan. [11]A Croatian anthropologist in the 1800s reported that one family was so large that an elderly woman died and this was not noticed for three days! Anthropologists eventually discovered that kinship is a cultural relationship. In other words, you, your brothers and sisters, and cousins would all be called child by your parents and your aunts and uncles. Mothers in patrilineal societies have close and loving relationships with their children even though they are not members of the same patrilineage. Cultures of the World - Perspectives on Culture (Scheib), { "9.01:_Family" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "9.02:_Kinship_and_Descent" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "9.03:_Kinship_Systems_and_Terms" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "9.04:_Marriage" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "9.05:_Families_and_Households" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "9.06:_Families_and_Cultural_Change" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "9.07:_End_of_Chapter_Discussion" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "9.08:_About_the_Author" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, { "00:_Front_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "01:_Introduction_to_Anthropology" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "02:_What_is_Culture" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "03:_Anthropological_Theory" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "04:_Methods_and_Fieldwork" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "05:_Language" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "06:_Subsistence" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "07:_Economics" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "08:_Political_Organization" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "09:_Family_and_Marriage" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "10:_Religion" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "11:_Race_and_Ethnicity" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "12:_Gender_and_Sexuality" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13:_Globalization" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "14:_Supplemental_Resources" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "zz:_Back_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, [ "article:topic", "Family of orientation", "Family of procreation", "Matrilocal residence", "Patrilocal residence", "Extended family", "nuclear family", "Adoption", "Joint family", "license:ccbync", "Inheritance", "source-chem-177316", "source[1]-socialsci-20901", "source[2]-socialsci-20901", "Neolocal residence", "Avunculocal residence", "Bilocal residence", "Ambilocal residence" ], https://socialsci.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fsocialsci.libretexts.org%2FCourses%2FHACC_Central_Pennsylvania's_Community_College%2FANTH_205%253A_Cultures_of_the_World_-_Perspectives_on_Culture_(Scheib)%2F09%253A_Family_and_Marriage%2F9.05%253A_Families_and_Households, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), http://sacc-dev.americananthro.org/wp-content/uploads/TASN-191-192-spring-fall-20131.pdf, http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Dowry-death-One-bride-burnt-every-hour/articleshow/11644691.cms, Perspectives: An Open Invitation to Cultural Anthropology, status page at https://status.libretexts.org, Laura Tubelle de Gonzlez, Modern Arranged Marriage in Mumbai.